参考译文：

世界各地的电影节表彰世界各地的电影艺术和电影业

今天，我们巡游世界各地的电影节，了解这些电影节的历史和它们的主办目的。有些电影节主要是开展电影评比，而有些小规模的电影节则是为了引起世人对许多创新型、实验型电影的关注；有些电影节有自己的主题或主旨，而有些电影节却没有什么主题，参加这样的电影非常广泛的。对于艺术家们、电影业、媒体和电影爱好者而言，这些电影节是极为重大的事件。

众所周知，最著名的一个电影节是法国戛纳电影节，该电影节在每年的五月举行，为期十二天。戛纳电影节作为播放电影的一个社交聚会，始于1946年，后来，这一深受人们喜爱的活动发展成一项重要的电影评比赛事。每年，戛纳电影节评审团成员从二十部入围参赛的电影中评出最佳电影、最佳男女演员和导演，并向他们颁奖。今年，戛纳电影节的评审团成员包括美国电影演员与导演的肖恩.佩恩和伊朗作家与导演的玛嘉.莎塔碧，颁奖名单将在本周日宣布。

法国电影< Entre les Murs>(或< The Class>)(<墙壁之间>)获得最高奖—--金棕榈奖。劳伦.坎迪特导演了这部电影，这部电影讲述的是一位教师在巴黎一所存在许多问题的学校任教的故事。评论家高度赞扬那些扮演学生的非职业演员们的精彩表演。

本尼西奥.德托罗因在电影< Che>(<切.格瓦拉>)中出演古巴革命领导人欧内斯特.格瓦拉而获得最佳男演员奖。桑德拉.科维罗尼凭借在电影< Linha de Passe>(或< Line of Passage >(<越位>)中出色扮演一位巴西工人阶段的母亲而获得最佳女演员奖。土耳其导演努里.比格.锡兰因导演电影< Three Monkeys>(<三只猴子>)而获得最佳导演奖。

来参加戛纳电影节的游客们还能看到一连串的短剧，这些电影短剧并不为了获奖而参加，但戛纳电影节也授予特别电影奖和最佳新人奖。

坎城电影展(Marché du Film)是世界上最大的电影交易市场，每年有来自一百多个国家的一万多人聚集在此观看九百多部电影，这个电影展帮助世界各个地区的电影人相互交流，而且，该电影展也为电影制片人将他们的电影出售给电影发行人提供了很大的帮助。电影制片人只有将电影出售给电影发行人，他们的电影才能在世界各地的电影院放映。

威尼斯电影节将在八月下旬举行。该电影节始于1932年，它是世界上最古老的电影节之一。今年，由美国导演约耳.科恩和伊桑.科恩导演的电影< Burn After Reading>(<阅后焚烧>)将在威尼斯电影节首映，这部电影里有几位美国非常著名的男演员，包括乔治.克鲁尼、约翰.马尔科维奇、弗朗西丝.麦克道曼和布拉德.皮特。

人们普遍认为威尼斯电影节和戛纳电影节是世界“顶级电影节”，国际电影制片人协会将这两个电影节和其他十二个电影节一起列入“竞争性长篇电影节”，在这个竞争性长篇电影节中，除威尼斯和戛纳电影节外，还有德国的柏林电影节、西班牙的圣塞巴斯蒂安电影节、加拿大的蒙特利尔电影节、日本的东京电影节、俄罗斯的莫斯科电影节和埃及的开罗电影节等。

今年2月，一部由美国导演马丁.西科塞斯导演的电影在第五十八届柏林国际电影节首映，这部< Shine A Light>(<闪亮之光>)展现的是滚石摇滚乐队那激情四射的演出。歌手麦当娜导演的第一部电影< Filth and Wisdom>(<污秽与智慧>)参加了柏林国际电影节，另外还有380部电影参加了柏林电影节。巴西和阿根廷合拍的电影< The Elite Squad>(<精英部队>)获得了该电影节的金熊奖。

另外一些电影节则是有鲜明主题的电影节。例如，在比利时，你可以参加布鲁塞尔国际荒诞电影节，这个电影节已经举办了26年，播放的是世界各地的科幻和恐怖电影。如果你认为这个电影节太恐怖的话，那么你可以到德国去看法兰克福国际儿童电影节，在这个电影节中，孩子们甚至可以和大人一起投票，共同评选出卢卡斯奖。在土耳其，伊斯坦布尔国际电影节主要播放有关艺术、音乐、舞蹈或文学的电影。

如果你喜欢充满生气活泼的电影，那么你可以到日本的广岛国际电影节或者到法国的圣安妮国际动画电影节去看看。在西班牙，正在举办第五十届毕尔巴鄂国际纪录片和短剧电影节。在加拿大多伦多国际纪录片电影节中，评出今年的最佳纪录片是< The English Surgeon>(<英国外科医生>)，这部电影讲述的是英国脑外科医生在乌克兰帮助那些身患脑瘤的病人的故事。SILVERDOCS是专门为纪录片设立的电影节，在美国电影学院银色剧院举行。这个位于马里兰银泉的电影节已经举办了六届，这个电影节旨在唤起人们对世界各地的纪录电影的关注。下个月，这个电影节将表彰美国导演斯派克.李，因为他拍摄了有关社会不公正的非常有影响力的纪录片。

在美国，为独立电影举办的两个最著名的电影节是圣德西电影节和泰路莱德电影节，在这两个电影节播放的电影都是没有好莱坞主要电影机构支持而拍摄的电影。电影摄制者经常将他们所拍的电影首先播放给电影界的重要人物看。电影发行人观看后决定购买这些电影，从而在各地电影院播放，否则，这些电影就有可能被埋没。有时，电影发行人认为一部电影将会获得很好的收益，因而为了获得购买电影发行权而展开价格战。

圣德西电影节是由圣德西电影学院组织的。演员罗伯特.雷德福德在二十世纪八十年代帮助创办了这家学院，他的目的是为发现和支持新的独立的电影制作者创造一个良好的环境。这个电影节在犹他州帕克市及其周边举办，最近举办的一次是今年1月份，这次电影节为期十天，圣德西电影节主席杰弗里.吉尔莫在颁奖仪式上发表讲话。

杰弗里.吉尔莫：“当电影节越来越近时，我被今年的电影所展现出的那深刻的含义所震憾，独立电影制作者另一时代到来了，真正完美的独立电影的时代到来了。”

< Trouble the Water>(<水的麻烦>)获得了圣德西大评审团奖，这部电影讲述的是，一对夫妻在遭受卡特里娜飓风后，如何在路易斯安那州新奥尔良市生存下来。最佳纪录片奖授予了< Frozen River>(<冰河>)，这部纪录片由库特纳.亨特导演，这部电影讲述的是两个贫穷的妇女试图带着孩子从加拿大非法越境到美国的故事。下面是这位导演讲述她的电影。

库特纳.亨特：“这是一部有关一个白人妇女和一个莫霍克印第安妇女走到一起，共同为非法通过加拿大边境偷渡到美国纽约州的故事。这是独一无二的情景，事实上那有一条通向加拿大边界的马道，沿着这条马道，到达了圣劳伦斯河，这条河在冬天会结成冰。这就是这两个偷渡者要走的路，这就是这两个偷渡者骑马偷渡冰河的路。对于我而言，这种为了进入另一个国家而不得不每天冒险的经历，令我着迷。我认为，一部国际大片没有必要非得搞什么大爆炸、使用什么特技和诸如此类的冒险刺激。”

今年，第三十五届科罗拉多州泰路莱德电影节将在8月29日这个周末举行。泰路莱德电影节不颁奖，它对于那些能够成为参加该电影节的二十部电影或十五部短剧之一的电影制作者而言是一个荣誉。该电影节播放各种电影，包括纪录片和动画片。参加这个电影节唯一的要求就是这些电影此前没有在北美放映过。一部在泰路莱德电影节播放的电影能够得到电影界专家和媒体的高度关注，而且，该电影节还有一点令人惊奇的是，该电影节在游客于那个周末到达之前不会公布会有那些电影参演。

在指定的任何一天，一个电影节也许会在世界某一地方举办，而且，今天我们所谈到的只是这些电影节中的一小部分。所有这些重要的和激动人心的电影节表彰了世界电影艺术和电影业。

简评：

在本文中介绍了这么多世界各地的电影节，包括埃及开罗的电影节，却没有看到一个在中国举办的电影节。难道中国没有自己的电影节？

非也，据我所知，中国目前有上海国际电影节，有长春国际电影节，有大学生电影节等。既然有这些电影节，为什么不能入别人的视野呢？

除了别人对我们不了解之外，可能还与我们的电影节没有什么影响力有关吧。如果真的是我们的电影节没有什么影响力，那又是什么造成的呢？

从本文来看，电影节主要有两大类，一是竞赛性的，一是有专门主题或主旨的。

如果是竞赛性的，这个电影节能否长期办下去，办得越来越有影响力，最关键的是评审团是否有水平，是否公正，是否公平!这使我想起我们以前的金鸡奖和百花奖。想当年，谁要得这样一个奖，那是多么的荣幸，可现在呢？很少听到有人提了，更别说得到后会有什么样的兴奋了。如今的金鸡奖和百花奖在广大民众中已经没有什么影响力了。为什么会这样？原因很多，但有人说，评奖的不公，可能真是一个很重要的原因。

而如果是专门的电影节，那就要看这个电影节是否有自己的特色，是否仍然跟在别人后面了。如果一个专门性的电影节，没有自己的特色，那还不如不办。然而，目前，我们中国人都有一种浮躁情绪，很少有人能够静下心来，研究什么，总想一夜出名。因此各种克隆、模仿层出不穷，搞来搞去，就是没有自己的东西。

其实，无论是电影节还是别的什么，其道理都是一样，要想在世界上有影响力，就必须有自己的东西，真正属于自己的东西。我们中国的东西很多，但真正属于我们自己的，我们自己真正能够说了算的，却并不多，这才是我们中国目前所面临的最大问题!

Film Festivals Around the World Celebrate the Art and Industry of Movies 

Today we travel to film festivals around the world to learn about their different histories and goals. Some of the festivals are major competitions, while others are smaller events to help draw attention to more experimental movies.  Some festivals have a set theme or subject matter, while others show a wide selection of movies. These many gatherings are important events for artists, the movie industry, the media and movie lovers.

One of the most well known film festivals in the world takes place in the French town of Cannes during twelve days in May. The Cannes Film Festival started in nineteen forty-six as a social gathering for showing movies. Later, the popular event developed into an important competition. Every year, members of the Cannes jury give awards for the best movies, actors and directors out of more than twenty competing movies. This year the jury included American actor and director Sean Penn and Iranian writer and director Marjane Satrapi. The awards were announced Sunday.

The French film "Entre les Murs," or "The Class," won the top prize, the Palme d'Or.  Laurent Cantet directed this movie about a teacher working in a school with many problems in Paris.  Critics praised the performances of the non-professional actors who play the students.

Benicio Del Toro was named best actor for playing the revolutionary leader Ernesto Guevara in the movie "Che."  Sandra Corveloni won the best actress award for playing a working-class mother in Brazil in the film "Linha de Passe," or "Line of Passage." And Turkish director Nuri Bilge Ceylan was honored for his movie about family secrets called “Three Monkeys.  

Visitors to the festival also saw a series of short films, as well as films which did not compete for awards. But the Cannes Film Festival is more than about honoring special movies and seeing famous actors.

The Marché du Film is one of the largest movie markets in the world. Each year, more than ten thousand people from almost one hundred countries gather to watch about nine hundred movies. This event helps link people from all areas of the movie industry. And, it helps filmmakers sell their movies to distributors so they can be shown in theaters around the world.   

The Venice International Film Festival starts in late August. Started in nineteen thirty-two, it is one of the oldest movie festivals in the world. This year, “Burn After Reading by American directors Joel and Ethan Coen, will open the festival. The movie has several famous American actors including George Clooney, John Malkovich, Frances McDormand and Brad Pitt.  

The Venice and Cannes film festivals are widely considered “A List or top festivals. The International Federation of Film Producers Associations lists these festivals as well as twelve others as “Competitive Feature Film Festivals. Others on this list include festivals in Berlin, Germany; San Sebastian, Spain; Montreal, Canada; Tokyo, Japan; Moscow, Russia and Cairo, Egypt. 

In February, a movie by American director Martin Scorsese opened the fifty-eighth Berlin International Film Festival. “Shine A Light gave an energetic look at the performances of The Rolling Stones rock and roll group.  The singer Madonna presented the first movie she directed called “Filth and Wisdom. Over three hundred eighty other films were presented at this festival. The Brazilian and Argentine movie “The Elite Squad won the festival’s Golden Bear award.

Other film festivals have very specialized subjects. For example, in Belgium you can go to the Brussels International Fantastic Film Festival. For twenty-six years this festival has been showing science fiction and horror movies from around the world. If this event seems too frightening, you can attend the International Children’s Film Festival in Frankfurt, Germany. At this event children even get to vote along with adults on which film receives a LUCAS award. In Turkey, the International Istanbul Film Festival shows movies about art, music, dance or literature.  

If you like animation movies, you could explore the Hiroshima International Film Festival in Japan or the International Animated Film Festival in Annecy, France. There are also many festivals for documentary movies. In Spain, the International Festival of Documentary and Short Film of Bilbao is celebrating its fiftieth year. At the Hot Docs festival in Toronto, Canada, the Best International Feature Documentary Award this year went to “The English Surgeon.  This movie tells about a British brain surgeon who helps patients suffering from brain tumors in Ukraine.  SILVERDOCS is an international film festival for documentary films that takes place at the American Film Institute’s Silver Theater. This festival in Silver Spring, Maryland is in its sixth year. The event helps bring attention to documentary films from around the world. Next month, the festival will honor the American director Spike Lee for his work in making powerful movies about social injustice.

In the United States, two of the most well known film festivals for independent films are the Sundance and Telluride Film Festivals. Movies shown at these events are produced without the support of the major Hollywood studios. Filmmakers often show their movies for the first time to important people in the movie industry. Movie distributors can buy films that otherwise might be undiscovered and show them in theaters. Sometimes movie distributors start pricing wars as they compete to buy the rights to a movie they think will be a financial success.  

The Sundance Film Festival is organized by the Sundance Institute. The actor Robert Redford helped start the Institute in the early nineteen eighties. His aim was to create an environment to discover and support new and independent filmmakers. The festival takes place in and around Park City, Utah. The most recent one took place over ten days this past January. The director of the Sundance Film Festival, Geoffrey Gilmore, spoke at the awards ceremony.

GEOFFREY GILMORE: “And as the festival comes to a close, I am struck by a profound sense of significance and emergence this year. Of another generation of independent filmmakers, of another year of really superb independent film.

 “Trouble the Water won the Sundance Grand Jury Prize for documentary film. It tells how a wife and husband struggled to survive in New Orleans, Louisiana after the destructive effects of Hurricane Katrina. The prize for best dramatic film went to “Frozen River directed by Courtney Hunt. This movie is about two poor women trying to bring Chinese immigrants illegally into the United States from Canada. Here, the director talks about her movie. 

COURTNEY HUNT:

“This is a story about a white woman and a Mohawk Indian woman who team up to smuggle illegal immigrants across the Canadian border into New York State. It’s a unique situation where a reservation actually straddles the Canadian border and through it runs the St. Lawrence river, which freezes in the winter. And so the way these two smuggle, and the way the smuggling is done there is by driving across the ice. To me, that sort of everyday adventure that pushes people into another realm was fascinating to me. I don’t think you have to have a big international kind of movie with explosions and pyrotechnics and all that to have this sense of adventure.  

This year, the thirty-fifth Telluride Film Festival in Colorado will take place on the weekend of August twenty-ninth. Telluride does not offer a prize. Instead, it is an honor for the makers of movies to be one of the twenty films or fifteen short movies chosen for the festival. The festival shows all kinds of movies including documentary and animated films. The only requirement is that the movie has not been shown in North America before the festival. A movie shown at Telluride can get important attention from movie industry experts as well as the media. And, the event has an element of surprise. The festival does not announce what movies will be shown until the weekend visitors arrive.

On any given day, a film festival is probably taking place somewhere around the world. And we have only discussed a small number of them. These important and exciting events help to celebrate the art and industry of movies.

  http://www.wwenglish.com/m07/voa/spec/2008/05/wwenglish.com_exp080528.mp3